Archive for December, 2010

Cast Iron Christmas Tree Stand

Cast Iron Christmas Tree Stand

The cast iron Christmas tree stand is the most attractive Christmas tree stand can be used for your Christmas tree. There are different manufacturers who design different Christmas tree stands. The cast iron Christmas tree stands one among those all which add beauty and make the most satisfactory Christmas event with special memories. The history of Christmas tree is back since eighty century, when most of the stands were design and made up of hands. Now the modern machinery and factories used lesser time and manufacture the most attractive cast iron Christmas tree stand.
Features and Sizes in Cast Iron Christmas Tree Stand

You can get your cast iron Christmas tree stand in different artistic designs of your choice. The material used in the cast iron Christmas tree stand is differ like wood, aluminium and steel etc. Different features may contain different material. The sizes of cast iron Christmas tree stand are mostly measured in inches, so it is available in different sizes as per requirement. The cast iron Christmas tree stand provides the safe and protected strong support to your tree for long time.
Multiple Designs of Cast Iron Christmas Tree Stand

The varieties of designs like snowman, moving wheels and holding cast iron Christmas tree stand are available. Different designs can be decorated in different ways. The holding facility in the cast iron Christmas tree stand let you hold and move the tree from one place to other. The iron stands are used in some designs of cast iron Christmas tree stand, which not only protect you tree from getting down but also add festive look to your Christmas tree. The use of water tank keeps your tree fresh for the longer time. The cast iron Christmas tree stand has the water tank with better capacity of keeping water.
Availability of Cast Iron Christmas Tree Stand

The suppliers of mostly provide their material in the holidays. The cast iron Christmas tree stand is available in the Christmas markets, where the decoration material and other features are also available. The online store by the is websites and advertisement let the people know about their products so that now you can get the cast iron Christmas tree stand by just ordering online. Most of these online stores facilitates you with free shipping and home delivery options which safe your time too. The antique cast iron Christmas tree stand is in the high demand and cost higher

Cast Iron Christmas Tree Stand

Interested in learning more? Read more detailed writings about Cast Iron Christmas Tree Stand right now. Visit our site for lots of great Coat Tree Stand Information.


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Removing A Cast Iron Radiator Prior To Redecorating

Removing A Cast Iron Radiator Prior To Redecorating

Cast iron radiators are very heavy and if possible try and redecorate with the radiator in situ as removing it completely from its position will entail draining down the whole central heating system and carefully removing the radiator to avoid leaks occurring due to the weight stress on the joints when moved.

There are several useful brushes of various sizes available from all main DIY stores to help decorate behind a radiator and many professional decorators are used to such tasks and can make a very good job around and behind the radiator. Wall papering can be awkward but not insurmountable by a professional. However if it is deemed necessary to remove the radiator from the system the following points may be useful.

Once you have drained down the whole central heating system turn off both valves, fully clockwise. ( remember to use the dust cap if available to protect your valve) It is always best not to use a lot of force when turning the valves as this may damage their mechanism. Open the bleed valve one or two turns and ensure that you have an old towel or cloth along with a water tight container in place under the valves to catch any excess water draining from the radiator. Keep draining off the excess water from the radiator as much as you can. The iron oxide commonly found in central heating water turns the water black and sludgy and it is very difficult to remove once a carpet has been stained with this substance, so please take care when draining the water.

Cast iron radiators are very heavy and it is advisable to have at least 2 strong individuals to remove the radiator, especially if you are working in a confined space around furniture etc. Once the valves have been capped off carefully lift the cast iron radiator up and away from its wall brackets. Once the radiator has been removed beware of further sludge and rust deposits which may leak out. It is a good idea to twist some kitchen roll into each open end of the radiator to absorb any excess water.

When ready to return the radiator onto the system, following redecorating, place the radiator onto the brackets very carefully and open both valves whilst carefully checking for leaks. If there are no signs of leaks, bleed the radiator of all air, tighten the bleed valve and recheck for leaks over the first few hours of turning the system back on. If your system is a combi mains pressurised boiler you will need to use the combi filling loop valves to ensure bringing the system pressure back up as some boilers will not fire up if the pressure is too low.

When removing a cast iron radiator from its position on the central heating system and reinstalling it afterwards it is always best to employ a qualified plumber or heating engineer or to at least adhere to professional advice to save problems occurring once the radiator is reinstalled.

Edward Hall after 25 years in the plumbing and heating industry now writes and imparts his knowledge on the many varied radiators for sale on the market today. He has a great deal of experience on the subject matter and especially in the arena of cast iron radiators and reproduction cast iron radiators.


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Benefits of Cast Iron Tea Pots

Benefits of Cast Iron Tea Pots

Cast iron tea pots which also called tetsubin tea pots, a song of praise to its Motherland, Japan. Here it was first utilized in an open fire as a vessel for boiling water. Today the best cast iron tea pots still come from the same place. Traditionally, after finishing the tea pots, the Japanese hang them over their fireplace. When it was cold season they used to get heat and humidity this way. Now, tea pots made from cast iron live up to their estate – they are so popular as fastest if we are talking about brewing tea. Thanks to it’s metal nature, tetsubin tea pot has the ability to heat up its contents efficiently. It doesn’t take you long to enjoy your cup of matcha green tea if you use this piece of art.

Sometimes people think these are hard to clean and hesitate to buy cast iron teapots. The have no reason to worry, a cast iron tea pot is really easy to clean and maintain, making them absolutely compatible in today’s contemporary and comfort-oriented kitchens. Best you can do would be baking soda or natural soap to cleaning enameled interior. If rust has accumulated, just use a wet cotton cloth with a bit of sea salt and olive oil to rub the affected areas and bingo! Your tetsubin is clean and beautiful.

However cast iron tea pots take longer and more effort to make, Compared to other kinds of tea pots. But this is exactly why we called it piece of art, cast iron teapots are designed with so impressive scrupulous detailing, so neetly, that outstand them off the competition. In case you cherish rooted traditions and be elegant at the same time, then the cast iron tea pot is what you are looking for. Head to the TeaLux and check out their tea pots and kettles section for that perfect cast iron teapot.

TeaLux Inc. is a registered Canadian company.
Retail store location: 241 boul. d’Anjou, Chateauguay (Montreal-Sud), Qc J6J2R3 Canada


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Iron casting and resin sand casting equipments development in China

Iron casting and resin sand casting equipments development in China

China has become one of the world’s largest casting machine manufacturers. Chinese foundry machinery manufacturing industry has made great achievements in recent years. Since 1985, the original mechanical and electrical ministry began to attach great importance to the casting machinery manufacturing and put the largest special loan to support the casting machinery industry since founding of country. “large scale sand blast cleaning equipment”, “no box-type vertical injection compression molding machine”, “water glass sand reclamation equipment development” and “metal casting equipment” and other applications have been developed.

 

The resin sand casting equipment has met the basic needs of the domestic market, and has changed the situation of mainly relied on imports. China has been able to produce a higher level of casting automatic production line, so has partly solved the situation of importing the car engine cylinder block and cylinder head castings. China has the capability of manufacturing the high level of automatic core making machine, automatic casting cleaning machines, automatic sand processing machines, automatic die-casting machines and large-scale precision casting equipment. Overall, from 1985 to 2005, the Chinese foundry machinery manufacturing industry has been relatively rapid development, of course, we must realize that Chinese casting machinery manufacturing level has a large gap between foreign countries, and the industry growth is not stable enough, the industry market concentration is not high. These factors are restricting the development of the Chinese foundry machinery industry, so China foundry industry needs to continue its efforts in the future.

 

This article was written by Galen Wang from Dandong Foundry Blog.

Galen Wang has worked in iron foundry for many years.


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Custom Decorative Mailboxes

Custom Decorative Mailboxes

Mailbox Works carries an impressive selection of home and garden décor products plus a huge line of unique and custom Decorative Mailboxes by such renowned manufacturers as Whitehall Products, Auth Florence and Gaines Manufacturing.

Custom decorative mailboxes are fun, attractive and functional, allowing the homeowner to add their own personal touch for unique self expression.

Today’s decorative home mailboxes feature innovative designs, from whimsical and Novelty Mailboxes to designs suited for city homes or for rural home use.

Residential Decorative Mailboxes

Historically, residential mailboxes were designed primarily for functionality. Today’s Decorative Residential Mailboxes add character to a home and come in all sorts of shapes and sizes, yet still meet US Postal Service specifications.

You can purchase decorative mailboxes online that are designed for durability, functionality and attractiveness. Find unique decorative mailboxes made from wood, metallic steel, stainless steel, copper, cast aluminum and cast iron.

An antique style mailbox can add a touch of old world charm to your home. A hand painted decorative mailbox or a mailbox designed in the shape of your favorite farm animal can also be interesting and stylish additions to your home.

Mailbox Works carries a great variety of residential decorative mailboxes including everything from Victorian mailboxes to more modern contemporary designs. You are sure to find a decorative mailbox to suit your tastes, regardless of the style of your home.

Personalizing Decorative Mailboxes

There are some unique and interesting ways to personalize a decorative mailbox. Adding an address plaque is great but one can also have stylized mailbox lettering and numbers added.

Also, as times change so do our values. Today, many homeowners choose to buy decorative locking mailboxes or install their own locks to the available mailbox products on the market.

Post Mount & Decorative Wall Mount Mailboxes

The Custom Decorative Mailboxes carried by Mailbox Works are excellent quality products manufactured by some of the nations leading suppliers.

The same attention to quality and detail is given to each mailbox, whether it is a post mount or a wall mounted decorative mailbox.

Curbside post mount, decorative mailboxes add curb appeal to any home. You can purchase pedestal mailboxes either as a package (with mailbox and post included) or buy them separately.

Decorative wall mount mailboxes can enhance your home’s entrance and are generally designed to compliment the existing hardware found on your entrance door.

Common finishes for wall mounted decorative mailboxes include satin brass, black pewter, bronze, nickel, copper and antique copper.

Whether you are looking for a hand embossed, polished copper mailbox or a painted decorative mailbox designed by professional artists and covered in a hand laminated fiberglass for durability, Mailbox Works has something to suit virtually every homeowner.

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Give your Home an Imposing Presence with Cast Iron Gutters

Give your Home an Imposing Presence with Cast Iron Gutters

Of all the different types of rainwater systems on the market, not many can come to cast iron gutters in the gravitas stakes and this form of guttering has been around for centuries – something which is testament to just how well cast iron gutters perform and their timeless visual appeal.

It is important to realise that rainwater systems, first and foremost, perform the function of protecting a building from water damage which can deteriorate wall surfaces. Cast iron gutters not only perform this function admirably but manage to do so whilst looking the part from an aesthetic point of view as well. Cast iron gutters are the sort of rainwater systems that you will most likely see on older, grandiose properties – such as expansive stately homes.

Cast Iron Gutters – Performance, Visual Appeal and Strength

One of the biggest advantages associated with cast iron gutters is the immense strength of the material and this is something that is a must considering the buffeting rainwater systems will get in the UK – where rain is somewhat of the norm. Cast iron gutters bring so much more to the table than just strength and resilience, however, as it is fair to say that they are certainly one of the most aesthetically pleasing forms of rainwater systems on the market and will add to the visual appeal of any property.

Installing cast iron gutters is something that should really be tackled by professionals in the field of rainwater systems because they will be able to carry out a site survey of your property and ensure that the installation is such that the maximum advantages are garnered from utilising this type of guttering. For any homeowner who wants a change to their guttering, cast iron gutters could be the perfect choice because they are so visually impressive and their performance is second to none.

The use of cast iron gutters is pretty much essential if you have an older style Victorian or Edwardian property because this is the only form of rainwater system which will be truly in keeping with the character of the property. If you’re wanting to find out more about the merits of cast iron gutters, it is a good idea to head online to find a leading supplier of all types of rainwater systems.

Rainguard offers an unrivalled selection of quality cast iron gutters. Visit the website today – http://www.rainguard.co.uk


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Some components related to die casting

Some components related to die casting

Die casting is the process of forcing molten metal under high pressure into Mold cavities. The idea of the casting equipment was firstly come up with in 1838 for the consideration producing movable type for the printing industry. Then, with some prominent types of equipment in the publishing industry, various type of casting developed to make contributions. And other applications grew rapidly, with die casting facilitating the growth of consumer goods and appliances by making affordable the production of intricate parts in high volumes.

Not to introduce the producing process briefly, this article is going to give something on other necessary parts. The materials for die castings are specifically zinc, copper, aluminium, magnesium, lead, pewter and tin based alloys, non-ferrous metals as well. In fact, the ferrous metal is not a good choice. During the producing process, there are some developed methods to ensuring precise surface quality and dimensional consistency. They are generally suited for applications where a large quantity of small to medium sized parts are needed. Though some injection-Molded Plastic Parts have replaced some die-castings of being cheaper and lighter within these years, the hardness and strength still tend to be competitive advantages.

The mold is important as to produce various sizes. But a die’s life is most prominently limited by wear or erosion, which is strongly dependent on the temperature of the molten metal. So do choose the proper metal for the specific dies. What else, it is indeed to operate carefully. Otherwise, the loss would outweigh the gain.

Apart from mold with various sizes, the equipment machines are also important in producing. Basically, there are two major types: hot-chamber machines and cols-chamber machines. The previous one relies on a pool of molten metal to feed the die which equals to the mold. It specifies for the system which include fast cycle times (approximately 15 cycles a minute) and the convenience of melting the metal in the casting machine. And the point that high-melting point metals cannot be utilized and aluminium cannot be used in system should be driven upon much more attentions. However, if some machines include aluminium, zinc alloys with a large composition of aluminium, magnesium and copper and works by firstly melting the material in a separate furnace, a precise amount of molten metal is transported to the cold-chamber machine then.

In words, with the development of modernization, it is wise to update the manufacturing procedure, I suppose. And the market expects die casting with high competence.

If you want to know about the mechanical  knowledge, please confirm at
http://www.seekpart.com/

SeekPart.com is the global B2B platform in the industry of mechanical parts. SeekPart aggregates the trade leads in this area, and our ultimate target is to benefit the buyers and sellers of mechanical parts by utilizing these leads through our online tools.


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Cast Iron Gutters – Perfect Choice for Your House

Cast Iron Gutters – Perfect Choice for Your House

If your home is a traditional one, then cast iron gutters will look ideal. It is the most suitable type of rainwater system that one can use because every homeowner will know that it looks elegant and classy. The cast iron is a very strong and durable material. It gives you an effective sheen and looks great from a distance.

Give your home some presence by choosing the cast iron guttering. There is no doubt that homeowners prefer it and recognise it to be the perfect choice for their home’s exterior. They not only look good, but also function well and have a majestic presence. These last a long time and hence you will not have to bother about changing these in a few years time. If you can maintain them properly then you might see that they are lasting you a long time.

Regular cleaning can help you maintain the gutters properly. Moreover checking is also necessary whether there is no sediment deposition to avoid pipe blockages. You should use a disinfectant when you are cleaning the entire thing. Ensure when you are changing any part of the system that it is being replaced with the same material. By installing the cast iron ones you can cut down on the cost as well as the needed maintenance time that enhances the look of your home to a great deal.

In order, add some cost-effective add-ons to your house so that you can enhance overall appearance and value then cast iron gutters should be the perfect choice for you and your family. Installing the cast iron ones is very easy so you will not have to face much of a hassle. You would need to do a few very basic things like measuring out the slope length and then after purchasing you need to cut them according to the shape and size and then you need to put together the hanging brackets. After the entire system is installed, you are required to cut out a place for the spout and then install the leaf guards.

Cast iron gutters are so strong and durable that they can resist extreme weather conditions. They are sturdy and hence they are not twisted or damaged in any way during severe weather conditions. The best part of this is that they do not make so much noise and hence it is simply ideal for your house. These cast iron ones are ideal for your country home. They are very reasonable and the installation process is hassle-free so you will be extremely glad with your purchase. These gutters are far superior in many ways than others like plastic or aluminium or iron. However, it will be wise to choose cast iron because you will know that you are being environment-friendly and you are not doing anything against the nature that might lead to global warming.

Therefore, do not fret about it any longer, take a quick decision and make your purchase. You will be sure that you are not going to be disappointed with your purchase.

So if you want to make your home secure and give it a whole new look and prepare it for the coming season then you should definitely visit http://www.aluminiumfabricationproducts.co.uk/ because here you will find a variety of cast iron gutters. It is the best place from where you can find everything related to your cast iron guttering.


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Bronze Pour Sand Casting

Lost & Foundry pouring bronze medallions for the centenial trail in Spokane, Wa.

Phosphorus copper shot added to increase fluidity.

Sand casting is easy and fun, we have been teaching metal casting & sand casting to kids and adults for almost 10 years now. Check us out!

Precious metal

Precious metal

Bullion

A 500 gram silver bullion bar produced by Johnson Matthey

American Platinum Eagle bullion coin

A metal is deemed to be precious if it is rare. The discovery of new sources of ore or improvements in mining or refining processes may cause the value of a precious metal to diminish. The status of a “precious” metal can also be determined by high demand or market value. Precious metals in bulk form are known as bullion, and are traded on commodity markets. Bullion metals may be cast into ingots, or minted into coins. The defining attribute of bullion is that it is valued by its mass and purity rather than by a face value as money.

Many nations mint bullion coins. Although nominally issued as legal tender, these coins’ face value as currency is far below that of their value as bullion. For instance, Canada mints a gold bullion coin (the Gold Maple Leaf) at a face value of containing one troy ounce (31.1035 g) of golds of July 2009, this coin is worth about ,075 as bullion.[citation needed] Bullion coins’ minting by national governments gives them some numismatic value in addition to their bullion value, as well as certifying their purity.

Silver 1000oz bar

The level of purity varies from issue to issue. 99.9% purity is common. The purest mass-produced bullion coins are in the Canadian Gold Maple Leaf series, which go up to 99.999% purity. Note that a 100% pure bullion is not possible, as absolute purity in extracted and refined metals can only be asymptotically approached. Many bullion coins contain a stated quantity (such as one troy ounce) of the marginally-impure alloy. In contrast, the Krugerrand is one of many historic and modern bullion coins of 22 Kt Crown gold, with a stated content (usually one troy ounce) of “fine gold”[clarification needed (define)], with the other component(s) of the alloy making the coin heavier than one ounce in total. Still more bullion coins (for example: British Sovereign) state neither the purity nor the fine-gold weight on the coin, but are recognized and consistent in their composition,[citation needed] and many historically stated a denomination in currency (example: American Double Eagle).

One of the largest bullion coins in the world is the 10,000 dollar Australian Gold Nugget coin minted in Australia which consists of a full kilogram of 99.9% pure gold. There have been a small number of larger bullion coins, but they are impractical to handle and not produced in mass quantities. China has produced coins in very limited quantities (less than 20 pieces minted) that exceed 260 troy ounces (8 kg) of gold.[citation needed] Austria has minted a coin containing 31 kg of gold (the Vienna Philharmonic Coin minted in 2004 with a face value of 100,000 euro). As a stunt to publicise the 99.999% pure one-ounce Canadian Gold Maple Leaf series, in 2007 the Royal Canadian Mint made a 100 kg 99.999% gold coin, with a face value of $ 1 million, and now manufactures them to order, but at a substantial premium over the market value of the gold.

Gold and silver are often seen as hedges against both inflation and economic downturn. Silver coins have become popular with collectors due to their relative affordability, and unlike most gold and platinum issues which are valued based upon the markets, silver issues are more often valued as collectables, far higher than their actual bullion value. PAMP (Produits Artistiques Metaux Precieux) CH-6874, Castel San Pietro, Switzerland deals with Gold Bullion of metal Fineness : 995.0 RAND Refinery Limited, Germiston, South Africa also deal with Gold Bullion of metal fineness : 995.0

Aluminium

An example of a precious metal that is now common is that of aluminium. Although aluminium is one of the most commonly occurring elements on Earth, it was at one time found to be exceedingly difficult to extract from its various ores. This made the little available pure aluminium, which had been refined at great expense, more valuable than gold. Bars of aluminium were exhibited alongside the French crown jewels at the Exposition Universelle of 1855[citation needed], and Napoleon III’s most important guests were given aluminium cutlery, while those less worthy dined with mere silver. Additionally, the pyramidal top to the Washington Monument is made of pure aluminium. At the time of the monument’s construction, aluminium was as expensive as silver. Over time, however, the price of the metal has dropped; the invention of the Hall-Hroult process in 1886 caused the high price of aluminium to permanently collapse[citation needed].

Bismuth and tellurium

Bismuth and tellurium are the only two metals which have abundances less than 10-8 by mass part (g/g) in the Earth’s crust, but which are currently not of high economic value.[citation needed]

Rough world market prices

Valuable metal prices containing all precious metals names in bold

metal

mass abundance

price 2009-04-10

price 2009-07-22

price 2010-01-07[citation needed]

0

0

0

0

Platinum

5 ppb

42681 $ /kg

37650 $ /kg

49995 $ /kg

Rhodium

1 ppb

39680 $ /kg

46200 $ /kg

88415 $ /kg

Gold

4 ppb

31100 $ /kg

30590 $ /kg

3637 $ /kg

Iridium

1 ppb

14100 $ /kg

12960 $ /kg

13117 $ /kg

Osmium

1.5 ppb

13400 $ /kg

12200 $ /kg

12217 $ /kg

Palladium

15 ppb

8430 $ /kg

8140 $ /kg

13632 $ /kg

Rhenium

0.7 ppb

7400 $ /kg

7000 $ /kg

6250 $ /kg

Ruthenium

1 ppb

2290 $ /kg

2730 $ /kg

5562 $ /kg

Germanium

1500 ppb

1050 $ /kg

1038 $ /kg

Beryllium

2800 ppb

850 $ /kg[citation needed]

Silver

75 ppb

437 $ /kg

439 $ /kg

588 $ /kg

Gallium

19000 ppb

425 $ /kg

413 $ /kg

Indium

250 ppb

325 $ /kg

520 $ /kg

Tellurium

1 ppb

158.7 $ /kg

Mercury

85 ppb

18.9 $ /kg

15.95 $ /kg

Bismuth

8.5 ppb

15.4 $ /kg

18.19 $ /kg

See also

Bullion coin

Gold as an investment

Silver as an investment

Palladium as an investment

Platinum as an investment

Noble metal

Gemstone

Hallmark

Ingot

Taxation of precious metals

Troy weight

Metal as money

Northwest Territorial Mint

Synthesis of noble metals

References

^ Platinum Guild: Applications Beyond Expectation

^ Gold bullion facts from freegoldtips.com

^ a b Aluminum: Common Metal, Uncommon Past, Chemical Heritage NewsMagazine, Winter 2007/8, Vol.27, No.4

^ George J. Binczewski (1995). “The Point of a Monument: A History of the Aluminum Cap of the Washington Monument”. JOM 47 (11): 2025. http://www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/9511/Binczewski-9511.html. 

^ The abundance of the element, a measure for its rarity, is given in mass fraction as kg/kg in the earth’s crust (CRC Handbook). David R. Lide, ed (2005). “Section 14, Geophysics, Astronomy, and Acoustics; Abundance of Elements in the Earth’s Crust and in the Sea”. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 

^ All given prices from 10th April 2009 are taken mostly from London Metal Exchange.

^ Data from 22nd of July 2009 are from the thebulliondesk.com[clarification needed (URL?)] taken, except as noted.

^ a b c The metal prices of gallium, germanium, and indium are taken from MinorMetals.com as examples of modern precious metals used for investment / speculation.

External links

Sources of current metal prices

Online realtime prices of precious metals from thebulliondesk.com

One year price charts for minor metals

Kitco Current Metal Prices

Spyker International Bullion Services

Measurements and Conversions of Precious metals

Organisations

International Precious Metals Institute

v  d  e

Jewellery

Forms

Anklet  Belt buckle  Belly chain   Bracelet  Brooch  Chatelaine  Crown  Cufflink  Earring  lapel pin  Necklace  Pendant  Ring  Tiara  Tie clip  Watch (pocket)

Making

People

Bench jeweler  Goldsmith  Jewelry designer  Lapidary  Watchmaker

Processes

Casting (centrifugal, lost-wax, vacuum)  Enameling  Engraving  Filigree  Metal clay  Plating  Polishing  Repouss and chasing  Soldering  Stonesetting  Wire wrapping

Tools

Draw plate  File  Hammer  Mandrel  Pliers

Materials

Precious metals

Gold  Palladium  Platinum  Rhodium  Silver

Precious metal alloys

Britannia silver  Colored gold  Crown gold  Electrum  Platinum sterling  Shakudo  Shibuichi  Sterling silver  Tumbaga

Base metals/alloys

Brass  Bronze  Copper  Kuromido  Pewter  Stainless steel  Titanium

Mineral gemstones

Aventurine  Agate  Alexandrite  Amethyst  Aquamarine  Carnelian  Citrine  Diamond  Emerald  Garnet  Jade  Jasper  Malachite  Lapis lazuli  Moonstone  Obsidian  Onyx  Opal  Peridot  Quartz  Ruby  Sapphire  Sodalite  Sunstone  Tanzanite  Tiger’s Eye  Topaz  Tourmaline

Organic gemstones

Amber  Copal  Coral  Jet  Pearl  Abalone

Terms

Carat (unit)  Carat (purity)  Finding  Millesimal fineness

Related topics: Body piercing  Fashion  Gemology  Metalworking  Wearable art

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